1
10
10
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3e2d52473f43b19d8f6759a4e847b1c8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Oral Histories
Subject
The topic of the resource
Oral Histories
Description
An account of the resource
This collection includes oral history interviews with current and former residents of Mansfield who have varying experiences with integration. Interviewees include Floyd Moody, John Howard Hicks, Brenda Norwood and Kenneth Pressley.
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
Interviewer
The person(s) performing the interview
Megan Middleton
Interviewee
The person(s) being interviewed
Kenneth Pressley
Location
The location of the interview
Mansfield Public Library in Mansfield, Texas
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Kenneth Pressley discusses his memories of the scene at Mansfield High School in 1956, including an effigy that was hanging.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Kenneth Pressley discusses his memories of the scene at Mansfield High School in 1956.
Description
An account of the resource
Kenneth Pressley discusses his memories of the scene at Mansfield High School in 1956, including the hanging effigy. "It was a different world back then," Pressley said.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
UNT Oral History
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-04
1956
desegregation
effigy
integration
Kenneth Pressley
Mansfield High School
-
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b79ae3755f757d7d78983ee4482e6a0b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of images of the crisis at Mansfield that include effigies hanging in front of the school and the mob crowded outside, to the Ku Klux Klan marching through Beaumont, Texas in 1922.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Texas Rangers pose in front of effigy at Mansfield High School
Subject
The topic of the resource
Texas Rangers stand in front of Mansfield High School, where an effigy of an African American hangs above the front door.
Description
An account of the resource
On August 31, 1956 segregationists gathered at the Mansfield High School to prevent African American students from registering for the upcoming school year. The same day Governor Allan Shivers dispatched Texas Rangers to Mansfield as a sign to maintain law and order. The memorandum instructed Colonel Garrison to “arrest anyone, white or colored, whose actions are such as to represent a threat to the peace" (see footnote below). The first day of school and final day of registration was Tuesday, September 4. Captain Crowder dispatched a total of nine Texas Rangers on site that Tuesday morning as a precautionary measure for crowd control (see footnote below). No African American students registered or attended Mansfield High School in 1956.
Bibliography: Robyn Duff Ladino, Desegregating Texas Schools: Eisenhower, Shivers, and the Crisis at Mansfield High (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996), 102, 111
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Texas State Library and Archives Commission
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956
1956
desegregation
effigy
integration
Mansfield
Texas Rangers
-
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d7bb6d1e84dbcdb6a026177a745417f5
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of images of the crisis at Mansfield that include effigies hanging in front of the school and the mob crowded outside, to the Ku Klux Klan marching through Beaumont, Texas in 1922.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mansfield students enter high school under the shadow of an effigy.
Subject
The topic of the resource
An effigy hangs above the entrance to Mansfield High School as students file in the building on August 30, 1956.
Description
An account of the resource
An effigy hangs above the entrance to Mansfield High School as students file in the building on August 30, 1956. The effigy was hung as a protest to integration efforts in Mansfield. The effigy remained for several days.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Courtesy, Fort Worth Star-Telegram Collection, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Library, Arlington, Texas
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-08-30
1956
desegregation
effigy
integration
Mansfield High School
students
-
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6bdcc2ab5baa5102c03165e7aab8dec8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
TV News Coverage (KXAS/NBC)
Subject
The topic of the resource
TV News Coverage (KXAS/NBC)
Description
An account of the resource
This collection is made up of News Clips and News Scripts from the KXAS collection from the University of North Texas. KXAS-TV, formerly known as WBAP-TV, was the first television station that was signed on air in September of 1948. UNT and NBC-5 have partnered to create the largest known online archive of local television news. This collection contains first hand coverage of the events in Mansfield during the crisis as well as the aftermath dealing with the NAACP. This collection also contains other heightened tensions involving integration around the area.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
KXAS News Script: "Mansfield School Opens"
Subject
The topic of the resource
For a third time a mob of white citizens forms outside Mansfield high school as the first day of classes begin.
Description
An account of the resource
A mob formed outside Mansfield high school for a third time on September 4th, the first day of school and the last day of registration. Texas Rangers were on the scene to make sure no violence erupted. Superintendent Huffman followed Shivers order to transfer out any Negro student who tried to register. On this day two notable persons arrived to make right the situation at Mansfield. A man named “Jesus Christ” asks permission to take down the effigy hanging from the flagpole but receives no help and vows to come back with a ladder but never returns. A second man named Reverend D. W. Clark shows up calling for the mod to disperse. Reverend Clark is escorted away by a Texas Ranger. The mob leaves quietly when it is certain that no Negro will register. The school board continues to fight for a delay of court order but Mansfield does not integrate.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
KXAS News Script: Mansfield School Opens, UNT special collections, KXAS-TV/NBC-5, Fort Worth TX.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
KXAS-TV/NBC-5
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-09-04
Crisis-at-Mansfield
effigy
Mansfield-school-opens
mob
Reverend-Clark
-
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30612c049d045eb1b7b4d97743ed3cf6
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
TV News Coverage (KXAS/NBC)
Subject
The topic of the resource
TV News Coverage (KXAS/NBC)
Description
An account of the resource
This collection is made up of News Clips and News Scripts from the KXAS collection from the University of North Texas. KXAS-TV, formerly known as WBAP-TV, was the first television station that was signed on air in September of 1948. UNT and NBC-5 have partnered to create the largest known online archive of local television news. This collection contains first hand coverage of the events in Mansfield during the crisis as well as the aftermath dealing with the NAACP. This collection also contains other heightened tensions involving integration around the area.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
KXAS News Script: "Dummy Hanging at Mansfield Probed"
Subject
The topic of the resource
a news story covering the hanging of a red paint splattered, straw-stuffed dummy in effigy of an African American man in Mansfield, Texas, in response to the federal desegregation order demanding Mansfield admit thirteen African American students to its high school.
Description
An account of the resource
After Mansfield High School was ordered to desegregate an effigy was hung in protest of the decision. The Effigy was hung in Mansfield’s main street on wires. Signs were attached to both feet of the dummy and red paint was splattered across the effigy. Police believed that this was not the work of mere pranksters. This effigy became the first of three figures that appeared during the crisis at Mansfield.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
KXAS News Script "Dummy Hanging at Mansfield Probed" UNT special collections, KXAS-TV/NBC-5, Fort Worth Tx.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
KXAS-TV/NBC-5
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-08-29
effigy
Mansfield
segregation-dispute
tarrant-county
-
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b2a2d4884e9de4ce9e7a2dacdcd98a96
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of images of the crisis at Mansfield that include effigies hanging in front of the school and the mob crowded outside, to the Ku Klux Klan marching through Beaumont, Texas in 1922.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John Howard Griffin with Fort Worth Star-Telegram
Subject
The topic of the resource
John Howard Griffin holds a Fort Worth Star-Telegram that shows an effigy someone hung of him.
Description
An account of the resource
Mansfield author John Howard Griffin, who wrote the book "Black Like Me," holds a Fort Worth Star-Telegram newspaper, which includes a photo of an effigy someone hung of him. Griffin spent most of his life studying racial equality. In "Black Like Me" he changed the pigmentation of his skin and traveled through Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia to explore the different levels of discrimination African Americans faced living in the deep south.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Courtesy, Fort Worth Star-Telegram Collection, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Library, Arlington, Texas
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1960-03-02
"Black Like Me"
1960
effigy
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
John Howard Griffin
-
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230a706eb5b8bb7a37de71fa987d7a72
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Crowd at Mansfield High School
Subject
The topic of the resource
A crowd gathers at Mansfield High School after integration efforts begin.
Description
An account of the resource
The Mansfield community gathered on school grounds on Thursday, August 30, 1956 to prevent three African American students from registering at the high school. The size of the crowd reported in newspapers ranged from 200 to 500 on both Thursday and Friday. In the background an effigy hanging from a flagpole indicated the segregationists’ resistance to integration. Sheriff Wright and his deputies previously removed an effigy hung in a downtown intersection two days earlier. Governor Allan Shivers dispatched the Texas Rangers to maintain order and provide support for the white citizens gathered at the high school.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Courtesy, Fort Worth Star-Telegram Collection, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Library, Arlington, Texas
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-08-30
1956
crowd
desegregation
effigy
integration
Mansfield High School
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of images of the crisis at Mansfield that include effigies hanging in front of the school and the mob crowded outside, to the Ku Klux Klan marching through Beaumont, Texas in 1922.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempt to remove the effigy on the flagpole
Subject
The topic of the resource
Two men try to remove an effigy hanging from a flagpole at Mansfield High School in 1956.
Description
An account of the resource
An effigy prominently displayed from a flagpole on school grounds is hoisted in the early morning hours on Thursday, August 30, 1956. The citizens of the Mansfield community gathered on school grounds to protest court-ordered integration. Later in the morning, two men - J.T. Pressley and Willard Pressley, 20-year-old cousins - attempted to remove the effigy but were unsuccessful. School administrators refused to remove the effigy, and the gathering of segregationists returned the next day to school grounds to prevent the enrollment of African American students.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Courtesy, Fort Worth Star-Telegram Collection, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Library, Arlington, Texas
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-08-30
1956
desegregation
effigy
flagpole
Mansfield High School
Pressley
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06f91fb0b10886a6c44338c828845f7e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of images of the crisis at Mansfield that include effigies hanging in front of the school and the mob crowded outside, to the Ku Klux Klan marching through Beaumont, Texas in 1922.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Effigy hangs on flagpole at Mansfield High School
Subject
The topic of the resource
Boys look on as an effigy hangs from a flagpole at Mansfield High School in 1956.
Description
An account of the resource
Thursday August 30, 1956 was the first day of registration for all students at Mansfield High School. A federal district court ordered the high school to integrate African American students a few days earlier. The school board and community of Mansfield disagreed with the mandated decree and tension mounted as demonstrated by the effigies hung on school grounds as a sign of protest. No African American students registered during the enrollment period and continued attending I.M. Terrell High School in Fort Worth. The high school did not fully integrate until 1965.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Courtesy, Fort Worth Star-Telegram Collection, Special Collections, The University of Texas at Arlington Library, Arlington, Texas
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-08-30
1956
crisis
desegregation
effigy
flagpole
Mansfield High School
-
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f178f7e7c5c6ae7fb4aeebf106a390e7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Images of The Mansfield Crisis
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of images of the crisis at Mansfield that include effigies hanging in front of the school and the mob crowded outside, to the Ku Klux Klan marching through Beaumont, Texas in 1922.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mansfield High School: Texas Ranger, students, and effigy
Subject
The topic of the resource
Students gather around a Texas Ranger in front of Mansfield High School with an effigy hanging in the background, 1956.
Description
An account of the resource
In this photograph, Mansfield residents surround one of two Texas Rangers in front of Mansfield High School in late August 1956. The Texas Rangers were in Mansfield by request of Governor Allan Shivers to stop any threat of violence when approximately 200 to 500 white residents of Mansfield and surrounding areas gathered at the high school to keep African American students from registering. As is visible in the background of the picture, a black painted effigy hangs over the entrance of the school.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Courtesy of Texas State Library and Archives Commission
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1956-08
1956
desegregation
effigy
Mansfield
Mansfield High School
Texas Ranger